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3D printing BRIEF
The reference In the current information technology era, the increasing use of 3D printing in various fields has made it a topic of discussion. However, it is currently at the stage of technological development and is not universally known, but technologically developed countries have taken it up and are trying to take great advantage from the manufacturing of home appliances to the space sector.
Today 3D printing technology is being used to repair various parts of security related equipment in various fields, especially in the field of security and aerospace, and manufacture of various components related to equipment. This article will try to understand 3D printing technology along with its applications, related global scenario, its prospects in India, challenges related to it and solutions to these challenges.
What is 3D printing?
3D printing is basically a manufacturing technique using which to create three Dimensional objects. For this, basically a three-dimensional object is designed in digital format. It is then acquired in physical form by a 3D printer. Printers used in 3D printing are based on additive manufacturing techniques. Where ink and pages are required in a simple printing machine, in this printing machine, the size, color, etc. of the object to be printed, are applied in the same manner.
3D printing applications
3D printing holds the potential for a revolutionary change for the manufacturing sector due to its three new features, especially the short time, freedom of design of goods and low prices. With this, a large number of laborers will be relieved, who can be opened in other areas by opening work. In the health sector, this technology is being used in many tasks, including tissue engineering, prosthetic and the manufacture of artificial human organs.
Global Scenario related to 3D Printing Globally,
in the year 2017, the global 3D printing market reached a level of about $ 7.01 billion. Talking about the use of 3D printing done at the industrial level, in the year 2019, its market share was about 80 percent. During the year 2018, 3D printing was most commonly used in hardware, followed by software and least used in the services sector.
In the year 2018, North America ranked first with more than 37 percent of its market share due to extensive use of 3D printing (Additive Manufacturing). A ‘soft silicon heart’ was developed by scientists in Switzerland, which functions almost exactly like the human heart. In addition, scientists in China and the United States jointly developed Ambrianic stem cells using 3D printing technology, while scientists in the United Kingdom have developed the world’s first cornea using this technique.
A team of American researchers has created a ‘sponge’ like structure on the palm through 3D printing technology, which can prove effective in reducing pollution. Which has the potential to eliminate pollution from water, air and agricultural sources.
3D printing and possibilities in India
The major manufacturers of the country have set up 3D printing assembly lines and distribution centers with foreign technology firms with the aim of increasing manufacturing capabilities in India. The report, titled ‘The Global Industry 4.0’ by Price Waterhouse Coopers (PWC), noted that during the year 2016, about 27 percent of industries invested in additive manufacturing technologies indicated that There is potential for widespread use of 3D printing in the industrial sector of India.
Currently, India is the fastest growing developing country where it has initiated initiatives like ‘Make in India’, ‘Digital India’ and ‘Skill India’ with the objective of enhancing investment opportunities and strengthening the manufacturing capabilities of the country. In which 3D printing can play an important role. Its use will be important in promoting industrial development in small cities and the use of this technology in the field of traditional and medium enterprises will not only prove to be low cost and more efficient but will also save time.
The use of this technology in areas such as aviation and automotive can revolutionize the transport sector, which will not only increase production capacity but will also reduce the quality of the product produced and the adverse effects on the environment during manufacture, It will also be in line with global commitments in the context of the environment.
4D printing
With 4D printing technology such items can be made which can change their shape to suit the circumstances over time. It is important to note that researchers at the University of Wollongong, Australia, developed 3D printed materials, which were used in new structures under external influences such as water or fire.
Can be given the shape of naanas. This technique is named 4D printing. This new material is capable of transforming itself from one shape to another like a child’s toy.
4D printing technology is at an early stage of development, rapidly emerging as a new paradigm in disciplines such as bio engineering, material science, chemistry, and computer science.
In the world of nanotechnology, this advance initiative is being applied on a large scale. The 4D printing technique is also known as ‘bio printing’, ‘active origami’ or ‘sep morphing system’.
Use of 4D printing technology
In the field of robotics, significant results can be achieved by using 4D printing technology without using any complex electro-mechanical device.
With this technology child-care products can be manufactured which can react to temperature and humidity. For example, clothes and shoes change their work and appearance in an environment friendly manner
The biochemical components that can be implanted in the human body are being made by researchers.
By using this technique, household appliances and products can be made more work-able and comfortable by making them temperature-friendly.
Low-Cost – 3D printing can produce products at a lower cost than traditional methods.
Time saving – Quality work can be done in less time by 3D printing. It is capable of increasing the efficiency of the work.
Highly efficient – prototypes generated by 3D printing can be constructed with great ease and intensity.
Flexibility – Different types of materials can be used for 3D printing. This makes it easy to print a wide variety of prototypes and products.
Durable and high quality – The products do not absorb moisture, which keeps them in use for a long time.
Challenges related to 3D printing
Talking about the challenges related to 3D printing, the variation in 3D printers will result in quality differences in the manufacture of products. Also, 3D printers lack an ideal standard for product quality.
Plastic is mostly used in the manufacture of products under these printers and it consumes a large amount of electricity which cannot be called environmentally good in any sense.
There is not only lack of awareness about this technology among the people in the country but there is also a lack of research work related to it. The high import cost, loss of employment and limited number of domestic manufacturers related to 3D printers also highlight the challenges of 3D printing in the country.
Road ahead
We should not forget that this technology is in its initial stage of development and in the course of development, solutions to the challenges related to it will also be solved.
To take advantage of advanced technologies like 3D, India will have to disseminate technical education on a large scale and ensure the availability of adequate finance for research and development works.
The conclusion
Certainly the field of use of 3D printing is wide which covers various dimensions from domestic to space and there are immense possibilities in the fields of health, education, security and space. With this, we should now move towards adopting a revolutionary concept like 4D printing technology.
While analyzing the potential benefits of 3D printing, analyze its area of application and the challenges facing it.
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